Elder Abuse Elder abuse is defined as any action by a person in a position of trust that causes harm to a senior. It may take the form of financial, emotional or physical abuse or neglect. The abuse of older adults is usually a hidden problem since most victims are reluctant to report being abused. Feelings of shame and family loyalty, and fears about retaliation, abandonment, and institutionalization are some of the factors that keep victims from speaking out. Seniors experiencing poor physical or mental health, and financial or emotional dependency, are more at risk for mistreatment.
Elder abuse may occur in the home, in a residential setting, or in the community. A 1998 study involving 31 nursing homes reported that 36% of nursing home staff had witnessed the physical abuse of an older adult and 81% had witnessed some form of psychological abuse. Most cases of abuse occur in domestic rather than institutional settings.
The occurrence of most mental disorders is considered to be the same among seniors as it is among other age groups, except for age-related psychiatric disorders such as dementia and delirium.1 Since 2% of the population of Ontario experiences the most severe mental illnesses, then it is likely that a significant segment of this cohort will age and require the same services as those with age-related psychiatric disorders.2 If less severe disorders, substance abuse, and age-related disorders such as dementia and delirium are included, then the prevalence of mental health problems among the elderly is estimated to be between 17% and 30%.
Informal caregivers include family members, friends and neighbours who provide practical assistance with daily activities and the personal care of seniors. They play a vital role in the health care system by providing emotional support and financial help, as well as mediating with professional organizations and service providers.
In Canada, an estimated 2.1 million people provide informal care to seniors with long-term health problems.1 Informal caregivers provide about 80% of all home care to seniors living in the community and up to 30% of services to seniors living in institutions.
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